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Can return a matrix of distances (m x n points) or vector or data.frame with one row per pair.
Lets you specify units and whether you need lat/lon etc, but essentially just a wrapper for
the sf package for the sf::st_distance and sf::st_as_sf functions."><meta property="og:description" content="Returns all the distances from one set of geographic points to another set of points.
Can return a matrix of distances (m x n points) or vector or data.frame with one row per pair.
Lets you specify units and whether you need lat/lon etc, but essentially just a wrapper for
the sf package for the sf::st_distance and sf::st_as_sf functions."><meta property="og:image" content="https://usepa.github.io/EJAM/logo.svg"></head><body>
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  <main id="main" class="col-md-9"><div class="page-header">
      <img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Find all distances between two sets of points (based on lat/lon)</h1>
      <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/USEPA/EJAM/blob/HEAD/R/distances.all.R" class="external-link"><code>R/distances.all.R</code></a></small>
      <div class="d-none name"><code>distances.all.Rd</code></div>
    </div>

    <div class="ref-description section level2">
    <p>Returns all the distances from one set of geographic points to another set of points.
Can return a matrix of distances (m x n points) or vector or data.frame with one row per pair.
Lets you specify units and whether you need lat/lon etc, but essentially just a wrapper for
the <span class="pkg">sf</span> package for the <a href="https://r-spatial.github.io/sf/reference/geos_measures.html" class="external-link">sf::st_distance</a> and <a href="https://r-spatial.github.io/sf/reference/st_as_sf.html" class="external-link">sf::st_as_sf</a> functions.</p>
    </div>

    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span>  <span class="va">frompoints</span>,</span>
<span>  <span class="va">topoints</span>,</span>
<span>  units <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"miles"</span>,</span>
<span>  return.crosstab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
<span>  return.rownums <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>  return.latlons <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>  as.df <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>

    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>


<dl><dt id="arg-frompoints">frompoints<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-frompoints"></a></dt>
<dd><p>A matrix or data.frame with two cols, 'lat' and 'lon' with datum=WGS84 assumed.</p></dd>


<dt id="arg-topoints">topoints<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-topoints"></a></dt>
<dd><p>A matrix or data.frame with two cols, 'lat' and 'lon' with datum=WGS84 assumed.</p></dd>


<dt id="arg-units">units<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-units"></a></dt>
<dd><p>A string that is 'miles' by default, or 'km' for kilometers,
specifying units for distances returned.</p></dd>


<dt id="arg-return-crosstab">return.crosstab<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-return-crosstab"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Logical value, FALSE by default. If TRUE, value returned is a matrix of the distances,
with a row per frompoint and col per topoint.</p></dd>


<dt id="arg-return-rownums">return.rownums<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-return-rownums"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Logical value, TRUE by default. If TRUE, value returned also includes two extra columns:
a col of index numbers starting at 1 specifying the frompoint and a similar col specifying the topoint.
If crosstab=TRUE, ignores return.rownums and return.latlons</p></dd>


<dt id="arg-return-latlons">return.latlons<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-return-latlons"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Logical value, TRUE by default. If TRUE, value returned also includes four extra columns,
showing fromlat, fromlon, tolat, tolon.
If crosstab=TRUE, ignores return.rownums and return.latlons</p></dd>


<dt id="arg-as-df">as.df<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-as-df"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Logical, default is TRUE, in which case returns a data.frame (unless vector), otherwise a matrix (unless vector).</p></dd>

</dl></div>
    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="value">Value<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#value"></a></h2>
    <p>By default, returns a dataframe that has 3 columns: fromrow, torow, distance
(where fromrow or torow is the row number of the corresponding input, starting at 1).
If return.crosstab=FALSE, which is default, and return.rownums and/or return.latlons is TRUE,
returns a row per from-to pair, and columns depending on parameters, sorted first cycling through all topoints for first frompoint, and so on.
If return.crosstab=FALSE and return.rownums and return.latlons are FALSE, returns a vector of distances in same order as rows described above.
If return.crosstab=TRUE, returns a matrix of distances, with one row per frompoint and one column per topoint.</p>
    </div>
    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>

<div class="sourceCode"><pre><code>
  *** Probably slower than it needs to be partly by using data.frame
   instead of matrix class? Maybe 10-20 percent faster if as.df=FALSE than if TRUE
  Just using distances.all is reasonably fast?
  When it was still using sp and not sf package, it was
    (30-40 seconds for
    100 million distances, but slow working with results so large),
 Sys.time(); x=distances.all(testpoints_n(1e5), testpoints_n(1000),
   return.crosstab=TRUE); Sys.time()

       IF NO PROCESSING OTHER THAN CROSSTAB
 Sys.time(); x=distances.all(testpoints_n(1e6), testpoints_n(100),
    return.crosstab=TRUE); Sys.time()

       (1m x 100, or 100k x 1000)
 Sys.time(); x=distances.all(testpoints_n(1e6), testpoints_n(300),
   return.crosstab=TRUE); Sys.time()
    seconds for 300 million pairs.
  plus_____ seconds or so for x[x&gt;100] &lt;- Inf
       # so 11m blocks to 1k points could take &gt;xxx minutes!
       (you would want to more quickly remove the ones outside some radius)

           About xxx seconds per site for 11m blocks?

    Sys.time(); x=distances.all(testpoints_n(1e5), testpoints_n(1000),
      units='miles',return.rownums=TRUE); Sys.time()
  xxx SECONDS IF DATA.FRAME ETC. DONE
      TO FORMAT RESULTS AND GET ROWNUMS
   Sys.time(); x=distances.all(testpoints_n(1e5), testpoints_n(1000),
     units='miles',return.rownums=TRUE)$d; Sys.time()
   xxx SECONDS IF DATA.FRAME ETC. DONE
      TO FORMAT RESULTS AND GET ROWNUMS IN distances.all
    </code></pre></div>

    </div>
    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="see-also">See also<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#see-also"></a></h2>
    <div class="dont-index"><p><code><a href="latlon_infer.html">latlon_infer()</a></code> <code>get.distances()</code> which allows you to specify a search radius and
get distances only within that radius which can be faster,
<code>get.distances.prepaired()</code> for finding distances when data are already formatted as pairs of points,
<code>get.nearest()</code> which finds the distance to the single nearest point
within a specified search radius instead of all topoints, and
proxistat or proxistat2  which will which create a proximity score for each spatial unit
based on distances to nearby points.</p></div>
    </div>

    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Random.html" class="external-link">set.seed</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">999</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="va">t1</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="va">testpoints_500</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"lon"</span>, <span class="st">"lat"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">]</span></span>
<span><span class="va">t10</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="va">testpoints_500</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">10</span>,<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"lon"</span>, <span class="st">"lat"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">]</span></span>
<span><span class="va">t100</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="va">testpoints_500</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">100</span>,<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"lon"</span>, <span class="st">"lat"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">]</span></span>
<span><span class="va">t1k</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/cbind.html" class="external-link">rbind</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">testpoints_500</span>, <span class="va">testpoints_500</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">t1</span>, <span class="va">t1</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">t1</span>, <span class="va">t10</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">2</span>, , drop <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">t10</span>, <span class="va">t100</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">20</span> , <span class="op">]</span>, units <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">'km'</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/graphics/plot.default.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">tolon</span>, <span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">tolat</span>,pch<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'.'</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/graphics/points.html" class="external-link">points</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">fromlon</span>, <span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">fromlat</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/with.html" class="external-link">with</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="fu">linesegments</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fromlon</span>, <span class="va">fromlat</span>, <span class="va">tolon</span>, <span class="va">tolat</span> <span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/with.html" class="external-link">with</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">d</span> <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="fl">500</span>, <span class="op">]</span>, <span class="fu">linesegments</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fromlon</span>, <span class="va">fromlat</span>, <span class="va">tolon</span>, <span class="va">tolat</span> ,col<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'red'</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span>   <span class="va">test.from</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/structure.html" class="external-link">structure</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html" class="external-link">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span>fromlat <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">38.9567309094</span>, <span class="fl">45</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span>     fromlon <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">-</span><span class="fl">77.0896572305</span>, <span class="op">-</span><span class="fl">100</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>, .Names <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"lat"</span>, <span class="st">"lon"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span>     row.names <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"1"</span>, <span class="st">"2"</span><span class="op">)</span>, class <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"data.frame"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span>   <span class="va">test.to</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/structure.html" class="external-link">structure</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html" class="external-link">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span>tolat <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">38.9575019287</span>, <span class="fl">38.9507043428</span>, <span class="fl">45</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span>    tolon <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">-</span><span class="fl">77.0892818598</span>, <span class="op">-</span><span class="fl">77.2</span>, <span class="op">-</span><span class="fl">90</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span>    .Names <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"lat"</span>, <span class="st">"lon"</span><span class="op">)</span>, class <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"data.frame"</span>,</span>
<span>    row.names <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"1"</span>, <span class="st">"2"</span>, <span class="st">"3"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">test.to.NA</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/cbind.html" class="external-link">rbind</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="cn">NA</span>,<span class="cn">NA</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">test.from.NA</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/cbind.html" class="external-link">rbind</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="cn">NA</span>,<span class="cn">NA</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span> </span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span>, <span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span>, <span class="va">test.to</span>, return.crosstab<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span>, <span class="va">test.to</span>, return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span>, <span class="va">test.to</span>, return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span>, <span class="va">test.to</span>, return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span>, </span>
<span>  return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span>     <span class="co"># test cases</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span>,    <span class="va">test.to.NA</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from.NA</span>, <span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from.NA</span>, <span class="va">test.to.NA</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Round.html" class="external-link">round</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span><span class="op">)</span>,<span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">T</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">F</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>, return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>  return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>, units<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'km'</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>,<span class="op">]</span>, return.rownums<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
<span>  return.latlons<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>, units<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'miles'</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>, <span class="op">]</span>, return.crosstab<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="op">]</span>, return.crosstab<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Round.html" class="external-link">round</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>, <span class="op">]</span>,</span>
<span>return.crosstab<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>, units<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'miles'</span><span class="op">)</span>,<span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Round.html" class="external-link">round</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">distances.all</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">test.from</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">2</span>,<span class="op">]</span>,<span class="va">test.to</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">3</span>, <span class="op">]</span>,</span>
<span>return.crosstab<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span>, units<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'km'</span><span class="op">)</span>,<span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span></code></pre></div>
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